RESUMO
The paper covers investigation of cytogenetic activity of chiral mutagens and their specific effects on the plant cells chromosomes of soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Comparative analysis of cytogenetic activity of chiral NEU: S(+)1-N-nitroso- 1-N-methyl-3-N-sec-buthylureas (S(+)NMsBU) and R(-)1-N-nitroso- 1N-methyl-3-Nsec-buthylureas (R(-)NMsBU) on winter wheat was performed. As it was shown by the frequency of chromosomal aberrations the S(+) stereoisomer was twice more active than R(-). In addition to typical anaphase aberrations (fragments, bridges, lagging chromosomes) the numerous mitosis pathologies were revealed - K-mitoses, hyperspiralization and despiralization of chromosomes, unequal allocation of chromosomes between the daughter nuclei, mass fragmentation, nondisjunction and chromosome adhesion, three-pole mitoses, etc. Neither of the mentioned pathologies was observed under the action of NEU and gamma-rays.
Assuntos
Núcleo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Aberrações Cromossômicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromossomos de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Mutagênicos/farmacologia , Compostos de Nitrosoureia/farmacologia , Triticum , Núcleo Celular/genética , Núcleo Celular/efeitos da radiação , Núcleo Celular/ultraestrutura , Aberrações Cromossômicas/efeitos da radiação , Cromossomos de Plantas/efeitos da radiação , Cromossomos de Plantas/ultraestrutura , Raios gama , Mitose/efeitos da radiação , Mutagênicos/síntese química , Compostos de Nitrosoureia/síntese química , Estereoisomerismo , Triticum/citologia , Triticum/efeitos dos fármacos , Triticum/genética , Triticum/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
Nitrosoalcoxyalkylamines are more efficient producers of nitrogen oxide in vivo than nitrosoalkylamines. Production of nitrogen oxide was monitored by EPR. The patterns of denitrosylation have been studied. The ability of the studied compounds to produce nitrogen oxide in vivo may be related to their carcinogenic and mutagenic action.
Assuntos
Carcinógenos/farmacologia , Mutagênicos/farmacologia , Óxidos de Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Compostos Nitrosos/farmacologia , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Citratos/farmacologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância de Spin Eletrônica , Compostos Férricos/farmacologia , Fígado/química , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Óxidos de Nitrogênio/análise , Nitrosação , RatosRESUMO
Raising total positive charge of a chemical mutagen does increase its local concentration in the area of biological target-DNA, and, as a consequence, causes increase in the rate of interaction of a mutagen with the target. Experimental evidence of this idea has been obtained in three test systems: the Ames test, Trp+ reversions in Escherichia coli WP2 and in the automated "SOS-chromotest" system with E. coli PQ 37 ("Labsystems", Finland).
